Severe economic-security posture — Trade & Sanctions at Severe, most activity attributed to Russia; fusion Severe. View monitor →

Research Papers

Papers, monographs and working papers authored by ICEL members and CES-affiliated researchers.

Economic Leverage in Peace and Conflict: A Working Framework

CES / August 19, 2026

ECCRG / ICEL working paper — a shared framework for defining, measuring and applying economic levers of power across the peace-conflict spectrum. Foundational to the consortium’s ongoing research programme.

The Political Economy of Economic Warfare: Britain, France and Germany, 1919-1940

CES / August 19, 2026

Prof. Greg Kennedy — US Army War College Press. A monograph examining how the interwar democracies mobilised their economies for coercion and defence, and what that history tells us about contemporary economic statecraft.